Common accidents and treatment of hotpot

Common boiler accidents and treatment

(1) water shortage

water shortage accidents are the most common boiler accidents. When the boiler water level is lower than the minimum allowable water level, it is called water shortage. When the drum and tube are red after water shortage, if a large amount of water is added, the water will contact the red drum and tube and produce a large amount of steam, and the sharp increase of steam pressure will cause the boiler to burn out or even explode

reasons for water shortage: illegal off-duty, negligence, wrong judgment or misoperation; Failure of water level measurement or alarm system; Failure of automatic water supply control equipment; Improper sewage discharge or failure of sewage discharge facilities; The heating surface is damaged; Sudden load change; The salt content of boiler water is too high

preventive measures: closely monitor the water level, regularly calibrate the water level gauge and water level alarm, and eliminate defects in time if found; Pay attention to the observation of water shortage. When there is water shortage, the glass tube (plate) of the water level gauge is white; It is forbidden to feed water into the boiler in case of serious water shortage; Pay attention to monitoring and adjusting the feed water pressure and feed water flow to adapt to the steam flow; The blowdown shall be carried out according to the regulations. Each time the blowdown valve is opened, the time shall not exceed 30s. After blowdown, the valve shall be closed tightly and the blowdown shall be checked for leakage; Monitor the steam water quality and control the boiler water content

(2) full water

at present, the full water accident is that the boiler water level exceeds the maximum allowable water level, which is also one of the common accidents. Full water accident will cause water hammer in the steam pipe, which is easy to damage the boiler body, steam pipe and valve by tepex; In addition, when full of water, steam carries a large amount of boiler water, which deteriorates the quality of steam

reasons for full water: operators are careless, operate against rules or misoperate; The water level gauge and water cock are defective and the water connecting pipe is blocked; Failure of automatic feed water control equipment or failure of automatic feed water regulator; The negative nonferrous metal of the boiler is a large family, the load is reduced, and the water supply is not reduced in time

treatment measures: if it is slightly full of water, turn down the regulating valves of the blower and induced draft fan to weaken the combustion; Stop water supply and open the blowdown valve to drain water; Until the water level is normal, close all drain valves and resume normal operation. If it is seriously full of water, first shut down the boiler according to the emergency shutdown procedure; Stop water supply and open the blowdown valve to drain water; Open the steam header and Superheater drain valve to drain water quickly; After the water level is normal, close the blowdown valve and drain valve, and the regenerative fire operates

2. Steam water co transpiration

steam water co transpiration is a phenomenon that the fluctuation range of water level in the boiler exceeds the normal condition, and the degree of water surface transpiration is extremely intense. The consequence is that a large amount of steam carries water, which reduces the quality of steam; Water impact is easy to occur, causing salt scale to accumulate on the superheater tube wall, affecting heat transfer and overtemperature the superheater. In serious cases, it will burn the superheater and cause tube explosion accidents

reasons for steam water co transpiration: the boiler water quality does not meet the standard; There is no timely sewage discharge or insufficient sewage discharge, resulting in the high salt and alkali content in the boiler water; Too much oil or suspended solids in the boiler water; The load increases suddenly

treatment measures: reduce load and evaporation; Open the surface continuous blowdown valve to reduce the salt content of the boiler water; Appropriately increase the lower sewage discharge and increase the water supply, so that the boiler water is constantly replaced with new water